The FORMAT clause specifies the general characteristics and editing
requirements of an elementary date, time, or timestamp item.

FORMAT Clause - Format
>>-FORMAT--+----+--+-DATE------+--+----+------------------------>
'-OF-' +-TIME------+ '-IS-'
'-TIMESTAMP-'
>--+-----------------------------+-----------------------------><
'-+-literal-2--| phrase 1 |-+-'
'-| phrase 2 |------------'
phrase 1
|--SIZE--+----+--integer-4--+-------------------------------------+--|
'-IS-' '-LOCALE--+-------------------------+-'
'-+----+--mnemonic-name-1-'
'-IS-'
phrase 2
|--SIZE--+----+--integer-5--LOCALE--+-------------------------+--|
'-IS-' '-+----+--mnemonic-name-2-'
'-IS-'
The FORMAT clause must be specified for every elementary date,
time, or timestamp item, except the subject of a RENAMES clause.
If the SIZE phrase is not specified for a timestamp
item, the size defaults to 26. If it is specified, it must have a
value of 19, or a value between 21 and 32. 

literal-2 and the LOCALE phrase cannot be specified
for a timestamp item. A timestamp has a fixed format, which is dependent
on the size of the timestamp item.
- When the SIZE phrase is not specified, the format is equivalent
to a literal-2 value of "@Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S.@Sm".
- When the SIZE phrase is specified with a value of 19, the format
is equivalent to a literal-2 value of "@Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S".
- When the SIZE phrase is specified as a value between 21 and 32,
the format is equivalent to a literal-2 value of "@Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S."
followed by the fractional seconds in the timestamp. For example,
a timestamp with size 25 could have the value "2014-01-23-01.02.03.12345".

If literal-2 or the LOCALE phrase is not specified for a date or
time item, the format of the item is determined from the SPECIAL-NAMES
FORMAT clause.
A data item of class date-time cannot be reference modified.
When the FORMAT clause is specified, the following clauses cannot
be specified:
- PICTURE clause.
- SIGN clause.
- BLANK WHEN ZERO clause.
- JUSTIFIED clause.
- LIKE clause. A LIKE clause can, however, be used to define the
FORMAT of a data item. You cannot change the size of a date, time,
or timestamp item with a LIKE clause. When a LIKE clause is referring
to a date, time, or timestamp item, a comment is generated with the
appropriate FORMAT clause information that is inherited
- TYPE clause.
The following general rules apply:
- A condition-name can be associated with a date-time item. The
VALUE clause of the condition-name can be specified with a THRU phrase.
- A SYNCHRONIZED clause is treated as documentation.
- The OCCURS, REDEFINES, and RENAMES clauses can be associated with
date, time, or timestamp items.
- If a LIKE clause is specified, a FORMAT clause cannot be specified.
- Any associated VALUE clause must specify a non-numeric literal.
The literal is treated exactly as specified; no formatting is done.
- literal-2
- Specifies the format of a date or time item. Literal-2 must be
a non-numeric literal, at least 2 characters long. The contents of
literal-2 is made up of separators and conversion specifiers. For
a list of valid conversion specifiers, see Table 1. For further rules on the
contents of literal-2, see the description of the FORMAT clause used
in the SPECIAL-NAMES paragraph in FORMAT Clause.