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COBOL for Windows, Version 7.5, Language Reference


FILE-CONTROL paragraph

The FILE-CONTROL paragraph associates each file in the COBOL program with an external data set, and specifies file organization, access mode, and other information.

The following are the formats for the FILE-CONTROL paragraph:

Types of files (Table 6) lists the different type of files available to programs and methods.

Table 6. Types of files
File organization Access method
Sequential Btrieve, STL, RSD
Relative Btrieve, STL
Indexed Btrieve, STL
Line sequential Native

The FILE-CONTROL paragraph begins with the word FILE-CONTROL followed by a separator period. It must contain one and only one entry for each file described in an FD or SD entry in the data division.

Within each entry, the SELECT clause must appear first. The other clauses can appear in any order.

 

Format 1: sequential-file-control-entries
Read syntax diagramSkip visual syntax diagram>>-SELECT--+----------+--file-name-1---------------------------->
           '-OPTIONAL-'               
 
                     .-------------------.    
                     V                   |    
>--ASSIGN--+-+----+----assignment-name-1-+-+-------------------->
           | '-TO-'                        |  
           '-USING--data-name-9------------'  
 
>--+------------------------------+----------------------------->
   '-RESERVE-- integer--+-------+-'  
                        +-AREA--+    
                        '-AREAS-'    
 
>--+--------------------------------------+--------------------->
   '-+----------------------+--SEQUENTIAL-'  
     '-ORGANIZATION--+----+-'                
                     '-IS-'                  
 
>--+-------------------------------------------------+---------->
   '-PADDING--+-----------+--+----+--+-data-name-5-+-'  
              '-CHARACTER-'  '-IS-'  '-literal-2---'    
 
>--+-------------------------------------------------+---------->
   '-RECORD DELIMITER--+----+--+-STANDARD-1--------+-'  
                       '-IS-'  '-assignment-name-2-'    
 
>--+--------------------------------------+--------------------->
   '-ACCESS--+------+--+----+--SEQUENTIAL-'  
             '-MODE-'  '-IS-'                
 
>--+-------------------------------+---------------------------->
   '-PASSWORD--+----+--data-name-6-'  
               '-IS-'                 
 
>--+--------------------------------------------------------+--->
   '-+------+--STATUS--+----+--data-name-1--+-------------+-'  
     '-FILE-'          '-IS-'               '-data-name-8-'    
 
>--.-----------------------------------------------------------><
 

Format 2: indexed-file-control-entries
Read syntax diagramSkip visual syntax diagram>>-SELECT--+----------+--file-name-1---------------------------->
           '-OPTIONAL-'               
 
                     .-------------------.    
                     V                   |    
>--ASSIGN--+-+----+----assignment-name-1-+-+-------------------->
           | '-TO-'                        |  
           '-USING--data-name-9------------'  
 
>--+-----------------------------+--+----------------------+---->
   '-RESERVE--integer--+-------+-'  '-ORGANIZATION--+----+-'  
                       +-AREA--+                    '-IS-'    
                       '-AREAS-'                              
 
>--INDEXED--+------------------------------------------+-------->
            '-ACCESS--+------+--+----+--+-SEQUENTIAL-+-'  
                      '-MODE-'  '-IS-'  +-RANDOM-----+    
                                        '-DYNAMIC----'    
 
>--RECORD--+-----+--+----+--data-name-2------------------------->
           '-KEY-'  '-IS-'               
 
                                      .-----------------.  
                                      V                 |  
>--+-------------------------------+----+-------------+-+------->
   '-PASSWORD--+----+--data-name-6-'    '-| entry 1 |-'    
               '-IS-'                                      
 
>--+--------------------------------------------------------+--->
   '-+------+--STATUS--+----+--data-name-1--+-------------+-'  
     '-FILE-'          '-IS-'               '-data-name-8-'    
 
>--.-----------------------------------------------------------><
 
entry 1:
 
|--ALTERNATE--+--------+--+-----+--+----+--data-name-3---------->
              '-RECORD-'  '-KEY-'  '-IS-'               
 
>--+----------------------+------------------------------------->
   '-+------+--DUPLICATES-'  
     '-WITH-'                
 
>--+-------------------------------+----------------------------|
   '-PASSWORD--+----+--data-name-7-'  
               '-IS-'                 
 

Format 3: relative-file-control-entries
Read syntax diagramSkip visual syntax diagram>>-SELECT--+----------+--file-name-1---------------------------->
           '-OPTIONAL-'               
 
                     .-------------------.    
                     V                   |    
>--ASSIGN--+-+----+----assignment-name-1-+-+-------------------->
           | '-TO-'                        |  
           '-USING--data-name-9------------'  
 
>--+------------------------------+--+----------------------+--->
   '-RESERVE-- integer--+-------+-'  '-ORGANIZATION--+----+-'  
                        +-AREA--+                    '-IS-'    
                        '-AREAS-'                              
 
>--RELATIVE----------------------------------------------------->
 
>--+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-->
   '-ACCESS--+------+--+----+--+-SEQUENTIAL--+----------------------------------------+-+-'  
             '-MODE-'  '-IS-'  |             '-RELATIVE--+-----+--+----+--data-name-4-' |    
                               |                         '-KEY-'  '-IS-'                |    
                               '-+-RANDOM--+--RELATIVE--+-----+--+----+--data-name-4----'    
                                 '-DYNAMIC-'            '-KEY-'  '-IS-'                      
 
>--+-------------------------------+---------------------------->
   '-PASSWORD--+----+--data-name-6-'  
               '-IS-'                 
 
>--+--------------------------------------------------------+--->
   '-+------+--STATUS--+----+--data-name-1--+-------------+-'  
     '-FILE-'          '-IS-'               '-data-name-8-'    
 
>--.-----------------------------------------------------------><
 

Format 4: line-sequential-file-control-entries
Read syntax diagramSkip visual syntax diagram>>-SELECT--+----------+--file-name-1---------------------------->
           '-OPTIONAL-'               
 
                     .-------------------.    
                     V                   |    
>--ASSIGN--+-+----+----assignment-name-1-+-+-------------------->
           | '-TO-'                        |  
           '-USING--data-name-9------------'  
 
>--+----------------------+--LINE SEQUENTIAL-------------------->
   '-ORGANIZATION--+----+-'                   
                   '-IS-'                     
 
>--+--------------------------------------+--------------------->
   '-ACCESS--+------+--+----+--SEQUENTIAL-'  
             '-MODE-'  '-IS-'                
 
>--+--------------------------------------------------------+--->
   '-+------+--STATUS--+----+--data-name-1--+-------------+-'  
     '-FILE-'          '-IS-'               '-data-name-8-'    
 
>--.-----------------------------------------------------------><
 

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