Rational Developer for System z
COBOL for Windows, Version 7.5, Language Reference


RELATIVE KEY clause

The RELATIVE KEY clause (format 3) identifies a data-name that specifies the relative record number for a specific logical record within a relative file.

data-name-4
Must be defined as an unsigned integer data item whose description does not contain the PICTURE symbol P. data-name-4 must not be defined in a record description entry associated with this relative file. That is, the RELATIVE KEY is not part of the record. data-name-4 can be qualified.

data-name-4 cannot be a windowed date field.

data-name-4 is required for ACCESS IS SEQUENTIAL only when the START statement is to be used. It is always required for ACCESS IS RANDOM and ACCESS IS DYNAMIC. When the START statement is issued, the system uses the contents of the RELATIVE KEY data item to determine the record at which sequential processing is to begin.

If a value is placed in data-name-4, and a START statement is not issued, the value is ignored and processing begins with the first record in the file.

If a relative file is to be referenced by a START statement, you must specify the RELATIVE KEY clause for that file.

For external files, data-name-4 must reference an external data item, and the RELATIVE KEY phrase in each associated file-control entry must reference that same external data item in each case.

The ACCESS MODE IS RANDOM clause must not be specified for file-names specified in the USING or GIVING phrase of a SORT or MERGE statement.


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