Developer for System z
COBOL for Windows, Version 7.5, Programming Guide
Coding your program
Structuring your program
Identifying a program
Identifying a program as recursive
Marking a program as callable by containing programs
Setting a program to an initial state
Changing the header of a source listing
Describing the computing environment
Example: FILE-CONTROL paragraph
Specifying the collating sequence
Example: specifying the collating sequence
Defining symbolic characters
Defining a user-defined class
Identifying files to the operating system
Varying the input or output file at run time
Describing the data
Using data in input and output operations
FILE SECTION entries
Comparison of WORKING-STORAGE and LOCAL-STORAGE
Example: storage sections
Using data from another program
Sharing data in separately compiled programs
Sharing data in nested programs
Sharing data in recursive or multithreaded programs
Processing the data
How logic is divided in the PROCEDURE DIVISION
Imperative statements
Conditional statements
Compiler-directing statements
Scope terminators
Declaratives
Using data
Using variables, structures, literals, and constants
Using variables
Using data items and group items
Using literals
Using constants
Using figurative constants
Assigning values to data items
Examples: initializing data items
Initializing a structure (INITIALIZE)
Assigning values to elementary data items (MOVE)
Assigning values to group data items (MOVE)
Assigning arithmetic results (MOVE or COMPUTE)
Assigning input from a screen or file (ACCEPT)
Displaying values on a screen or in a file (DISPLAY)
Using intrinsic functions (built-in functions)
Using tables (arrays) and pointers
Working with numbers and arithmetic
Defining numeric data
Displaying numeric data
Controlling how numeric data is stored
Formats for numeric data
External decimal (DISPLAY and NATIONAL) items
External floating-point (DISPLAY and NATIONAL) items
Binary (COMP) items
Native binary (COMP-5) items
Byte reversal of binary data
Packed-decimal (COMP-3) items
Internal floating-point (COMP-1 and COMP-2) items
Examples: numeric data and internal representation
Data format conversions
Conversions and precision
Conversions that lose precision
Conversions that preserve precision
Conversions that result in rounding
Sign representation of zoned and packed-decimal data
Checking for incompatible data (numeric class test)
Performing arithmetic
Using COMPUTE and other arithmetic statements
Using arithmetic expressions
Using numeric intrinsic functions
Examples: numeric intrinsic functions
General number handling
Date and time
Finance
Mathematics
Statistics
Fixed-point contrasted with floating-point arithmetic
Floating-point evaluations
Fixed-point evaluations
Arithmetic comparisons (relation conditions)
Examples: fixed-point and floating-point evaluations
Using currency signs
Example: multiple currency signs
Handling tables
Defining a table (OCCURS)
Nesting tables
Example: subscripting
Example: indexing
Referring to an item in a table
Subscripting
Indexing
Putting values into a table
Loading a table dynamically
Initializing a table (INITIALIZE)
Assigning values when you define a table (VALUE)
Initializing each table item individually
Initializing a table at the group level
Initializing all occurrences of a given table element
Example: PERFORM and subscripting
Example: PERFORM and indexing
Creating variable-length tables (DEPENDING ON)
Loading a variable-length table
Assigning values to a variable-length table
Searching a table
Doing a serial search (SEARCH)
Example: serial search
Doing a binary search (SEARCH ALL)
Example: binary search
Processing table items using intrinsic functions
Example: processing tables using intrinsic functions
Selecting and repeating program actions
Selecting program actions
Coding a choice of actions
Using nested IF statements
Using the EVALUATE statement
Coding conditional expressions
Switches and flags
Defining switches and flags
Example: switches
Example: flags
Resetting switches and flags
Example: set switch on
Example: set switch off
Repeating program actions
Choosing inline or out-of-line PERFORM
Example: inline PERFORM statement
Coding a loop
Looping through a table
Executing multiple paragraphs or sections
Handling strings
Joining data items (STRING)
Example: STRING statement
STRING results
Splitting data items (UNSTRING)
Example: UNSTRING statement
UNSTRING results
Manipulating null-terminated strings
Example: null-terminated strings
Referring to substrings of data items
Reference modifiers
Example: arithmetic expressions as reference modifiers
Example: intrinsic functions as reference modifiers
Tallying and replacing data items (INSPECT)
Examples: INSPECT statement
Converting data items (intrinsic functions)
Converting to uppercase or lowercase (UPPER-CASE, LOWER-CASE)
Transforming to reverse order (REVERSE)
Converting to numbers (NUMVAL, NUMVAL-C)
Converting from one code page to another
Evaluating data items (intrinsic functions)
Evaluating single characters for collating sequence
Finding the largest or smallest data item
Returning variable-length results with alphanumeric or national functions
Finding the length of data items
Finding the date of compilation
Processing files
Identifying files
Identifying Btrieve files
Identifying STL files
Identifying RSD files
File system
STL file system
STL file system return codes
RSD file system
Protecting against errors when opening files
Specifying a file organization and access mode
File organization and access mode
Sequential file organization
Line-sequential file organization
Indexed file organization
Relative file organization
Sequential access
Random access
Dynamic access
File input-output limitations
Setting up a field for file status
Describing the structure of a file in detail
Coding input and output statements for files
Example: COBOL coding for files
File position indicator
Opening a file
Valid COBOL statements for sequential files
Valid COBOL statements for line-sequential files
Valid COBOL statements for indexed and relative files
Reading records from a file
Statements used when writing records to a file
Adding records to a file
Replacing records in a file
Deleting records from a file
PROCEDURE DIVISION statements used to update files
Sorting and merging files
Sort and merge process
Describing the sort or merge file
Describing the input to sorting or merging
Example: describing sort and input files for SORT
Coding the input procedure
Describing the output from sorting or merging
Coding the output procedure
Restrictions on input and output procedures
Requesting the sort or merge
Setting sort or merge criteria
Choosing alternate collating sequences
Example: sorting with input and output procedures
Determining whether the sort or merge was successful
Sort and merge error numbers
Stopping a sort or merge operation prematurely
Handling errors
Handling errors in joining and splitting strings
Handling errors in arithmetic operations
Example: checking for division by zero
Handling errors in input and output operations
Using the end-of-file condition (AT END)
Coding ERROR declaratives
Using file status keys
Example: file status key
Using file system status codes
Example: checking file system status codes
Example: FILE STATUS and INVALID KEY
Handling errors when calling programs
Terms of use
|
Feedback
Copyright IBM Corporation 1996, 2008.
This information center is powered by Eclipse technology. (http://www.eclipse.org)